Blog Post

Parenting a Bilingual Child-D Garcia

When Liam Dario was born, I began to look for Native Spanish speaking child care, and was fortunate enough to bring my mother in law Rosa to come and live with us, and to take care of Liam Dario while I worked. I, of course, was ecstatic that my child would develop an intimate relationship with his abuela, but also that she would transmit to him and our family her funds of knowledge and language. Before Rosita was able to come, we did our share of searching for caregivers online, at la iglesia and as educators, amongst the families we work with. Rosita was able to stay with Liam Dario for six months until he turned one year old, and then another 10 months until he turned two years old. I share this experience because there was great concern amongst my family that my child would not be able to communicate with them in English-that there would be some barrier placed during a critical period thereby preventing him from also learning English. What I have observed was that my child did not speak, nearly at all, until he was nearly 3 years old. I was worried, consulted with my Costa Rican child psychologist friend and at least two bilingual speech and language pathologists. I observed through my child’s 2nd year, while he attended an English only day care, that his little friends spoke clearly and with specificity, although only in English. I assumed my child would have this parallel ability in Spanish, and worried when he did not. Like magic, near his third birthday, he began to speak in full sentences, using multisyllabic words and specific language to contexts. All of a sudden -ca-ca, which was pan (bread) became, “mami, quiero pan”. Ahhhggg! Sigh of relief. Quickly following this explosion of language, Liam Dario spent the summer out of school, at home with Dad, where his language grew and grew. Returning to school this fall, I have found it very helpful to “pretend” I do not know English. I have had to determine and then train myself, and my husband, for the appropriate response if my child attempts to speak to us in English. Clearly, he knows we speak English and sees us communicate with my parents, neighbors, friends etc. In fact, Liam Dario can be on my hip as I talk directly to my mother, he says something to her in English and turns to me to continue a different idea in Spanish. I recommend, make a decision about how you will respond when your child code switches. I do not “pretend” that I do not know, but instead ask him, “how do we say this in Spanish”, and if he does not know, in place of recasting, or repeating what he should say, I ask him, “do we say it this way or this way”, which will create the opportunity for him to produce the language. As far as error correction goes with him when he says ” para que es eso para (what is this for)”, in place of recasting and saying ” para que es eso”, I ask him, “?decimos para que es eso o para que es eso para?”, or I say, “en espanol, se dice, para que es eso, ?como se dice?”. I also try eliciting a response by starting his phrase and having him finish is, for example, “?para que es_____?”. I am extremely disciplined about how Liam Dario’s language is developed and know that Spanish is a language we will have to fight for to develop. Recently, Liam Dario stayed with his English speaking grandparents for several days, and when we returned from our trip, I overheard the growth in his English language acquisition. On the way home from grandma’s house, we also noticed the clarity and fluency of his speech in Spanish. My point here is that growth in one, is growth in both, as long as both are expected and supported. Please respond to get the dialogue on about how your child’s bilingualism is developing and how to support error correction.

Comments (4)

  1. Juan Corona June 3, 2015 at 2:15 pm

    D,
    I plan to do the same with my 5 month old. While my wife is learning Spanish, we want to immerse our daughter in the culture and language of my Mexican heritage. What are your thoughts with simultaneous language learning?

  2. Deirdre Garcia June 3, 2015 at 2:26 pm

    I was recently emailed a question about how to begin immersion in your home when one of the parents does not speak the target language fluently. My thought about this is start from day ONE!!! With the fluent parent only interacting with the child in the target language, 100% of the time. Many children are successful in learning multiple languages in the home when one parent, one language methods are used. If the other parent is not fluent but is supportive in prompting, singing and enjoying the target language, this will help to build the status of the minority language. My recommendation, start ASAP, speaking, reading and interacting in the target language.

  3. Angela Rubin April 17, 2016 at 2:38 am

    I am raising my son bilingual in Portuguese and English. He’s got to a English only daycare since he was 3 months old and his only contact with Portuguese is thru daily conversations with my mom via Skype and with my husband and I. I tried to be 100% committed to speaking only Portuguese, but kept code switching and now his English is much stronger then his Portuguese. He gets shy and frustrated when he has to express himself in Portuguese, and I feel bad and let him talk in English, while answering in Portuguese. Such a bad habit! When he tries to speak in Portuguese, I often help him with a sentence and have him repeat it to me. It seems however, that this is not working, because many times he forgets the words and asks me again. I really liked your tips on error correction and I will try to use them as well.
    I have one question for you: often when we are socializing with our English speaking family and friends we only talk in English, and allow him to communicate in English with us. Do you think we should change this habit?

    1. Deirdre Garcia April 19, 2016 at 5:29 pm

      I will write a blog next month about this very issue. If you want bilingualism you need to think about how you will get it.
      D

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